Cerro La Jara Stop 5
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New Mexico
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Cerro La Jara Stop 5
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The large mountain in the distance directly ahead of you is Redondo Peak. The smaller peak just to the right is Redondito. These mountains are part of a resurgent dome in the center of Valles Caldera. A resurgent dome is different than a volcanic dome; it wasn’t extruded as lava. The resurgent dome was created as magma pushed part of the newly-formed valley up from underneath. To understand this better, think of how the upper crust of an apple pie is lifted by the bubbling apples underneath it – the magma pushed the valley floor up, like the hot apples push up the upper pie crust. In some areas of Redondo Peak, small amounts of magma did break through, but in general the valley floor was lifted to create the topography. Remember that the valley floor was filled with the material the volcano erupted, so Redondo Peak is made of the valley floor material - the Bandelier Tuff. It took about 30,000 years for Redondo Peak to rise, very fast in a geologic time frame.<br /> <br /> Remember the circular ring fracture that caused surface rocks to fall into an empty magma chamber, forming the caldera? A small section of the Valles ring fracture zone is right under you here. You can’t actually see it, but geologists and geophysicists discovered that it is there beneath the surface because of small changes in gravity and the way seismic waves travel through the rocks. There is another ring fracture under you as well – the Toledo ring fracture. The Toledo eruption was similar to the Valles eruption except that it occurred earlier – about 1.6 million years ago. We don’t know as much about the Toledo eruption because Toledo geology was partly destroyed by the Valles eruption.<br /> <br /> Continue along the path to Stop 6, which is beyond the sign for the Missing Cabin.<br /> <br /> <br /> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <p dir="ltr"><em><b id="docs-internal-guid-e5924300-7fff-76db-32b3-ca10dc5785a7">La gran montaña que se ve a lo lejos, justo delante, es el pico Redondo. El pico más pequeño, justo a la derecha, es el Redondito. Estas montañas forman parte de un domo resurgente en el centro de Valles Caldera. Un domo resurgente es diferente a un domo volcánico, ya que no se formó por la extrusión de lava. El domo resurgente se creó cuando el magma empujó parte del valle recién formado desde abajo. Para entenderlo mejor, piensa en cómo la corteza superior de una tarta de manzana se eleva por las manzanas burbujeantes que hay debajo: el magma empujó el suelo del valle hacia arriba, como las manzanas calientes empujan la corteza superior de la tarta. </b></em></p> <p dir="ltr"><em><b id="docs-internal-guid-e5924300-7fff-76db-32b3-ca10dc5785a7">En algunas zonas del pico Redondo, pequeñas cantidades de magma lograron atravesar la superficie, pero en general el suelo del valle se elevó para crear la topografía. Recuerde que el fondo del valle se llenó con el material que expulsó el volcán, por lo que el pico Redondo está formado por el material: toba de Bandelier. El pico Redondo tardó unos 30.000 años en elevarse, lo que es muy rápido en términos geológicos.</b></em></p> <p dir="ltr"><em><b id="docs-internal-guid-e5924300-7fff-76db-32b3-ca10dc5785a7">¿Recuerdas la fractura circular que provocó la, formacion de la caldera? Una pequeña sección de la zona de fractura circular de Valles se encuentra justo debajo de ti. En realidad no se puede ver, pero los geólogos y geofísicos descubrieron que está ahí, bajo la superficie, debido a pequeños cambios en la gravedad y a la forma en que las ondas sísmicas viajan a través de las rocas. </b></em></p> <p dir="ltr"><em><b id="docs-internal-guid-e5924300-7fff-76db-32b3-ca10dc5785a7">Tambien, hay otra fractura circular debajo de ti: la fractura circular de Toledo. La erupción de Toledo fue similar a la de Valles, excepto que ocurrió antes, hace aproximadamente 1.6 millones de años. No sabemos mucho sobre la erupción de Toledo porque la geología de Toledo fue parcialmente destruida por la erupción de Valles.</b></em></p> <p dir="ltr"><em><b id="docs-internal-guid-e5924300-7fff-76db-32b3-ca10dc5785a7">Continúe por el sendero hasta la parada 6, que se encuentra más allá del letrero que indica la cabaña desaparecida.</b></em></p>

Cerro La Jara Stop 4
~0 min drive
Look straight down the path. Cerro La Jara is to your right and South Mountain is directly in front of you. Both of these formations are volcanic domes. Volcanic domes are formed by the extrusion of lava that piles up in a dome shape. Cerro La Jara and South Mountain were form…

Cerro La Jara Stop 6
~0 min drive
So far, you have learned that about 1.2 million years ago, a giant volcanic eruption occurred and created Valles Caldera when the roof of the empty magma chamber collapsed. The material that was erupted (called the Bandelier Tuff) was deposited inside the new hole in the groun…

Cerro La Jara Stop 2
~1 min drive
<p>As you walked, you probably noticed that you are walking in a large valley and there are rounded hills or mountains in the distance, behind you, and to your right. You are walking in a volcanic caldera – a depression formed during a volcanic eruption. This caldera was forme…

Cerro La Jara Stop 7
~1 min drive
Look northward across the road. The broad valley is Valle Grande. A lake filled this valley several times in the past. If the lighting is right, you will be able to see low, flat lying ridges at the base of the mountains in the distance. These ridges are sediments that were de…

Cerro La Jara Stop 8
~1 min drive
Did you notice that prairie dogs make this area their home? They like to make chirping noises to warn each other of people in the area, so they are difficult to miss! What they are also doing is trying to make future trace fossils. A trace fossil is a record of life that isn’t…

Birding By Car Stop 4
~1 min drive
At the entrance station, we are surrounded by montane grasslands. Across the road is a small, forested lava dome called Cerro La Jara. If you're looking for a short hike with lots of wildlife watching opportunities, there's a wonderful 1.4-mile loop trail around the lava dome.…

Cerro La Jara Stop 1
~1 min drive
<p>Welcome to the Cerro La Jara Trail in Valles Caldera National Preserve. This trail is about 1.5 miles (2.4 km) long and will likely take 1 to 2 hours to complete. The elevation change is small – about 50 feet. Leashed pets are permitted on this trail, but please ensure that…

The Movie Set Cabin
~2 min drive
Located on Valles Caldera's main entrance road, approximately a half mile from NM State Route 4, this cabin is part of the 2003 "The Missing" movie set starring Tommy Lee Jones and Cate Blanchett. Park at the Jemez River Trailhead and walk a quarter mile up the trail beyond th…

Saddle Shed
~3 min drive
The saddle shed, also known as the tack shed, was built in 1963 to serve ranch operations. Ranch hands started their days here, grooming their horses and saddling up before sunrise. They would ride up to 20 miles a day, checking on livestock, inspecting fences, and tending to…

Birding By Car Stop 1
~6 min drive
This site, near the South Valle Grande Trailhead along NM State Route 4, is predominantly mixed conifer forest and woodland (both dry and moist mesic). Prevalent plant species include blue spruce and ponderosa pine, fox tail, wildflowers, and yarrow. Watch for these birds each…